An innovative approach to the choice of medical waste disposal technology

Problems

Problems with the choice of processing technology in terms of the component composition of medical waste:

The differentiation of medical waste by morphological composition is not so obvious:

- unusable drug residues;
- expired drugs;
- containers and packaging for medicines;
- human biological waste and liquids;
- personal protective equipment;
- disposable medical instruments infected with infectious agents;
- food waste.

The problem is that all these wastes can be classified as:

• epidemiologically dangerous;
• infected and potentially infected with microorganisms of 3-4 pathogenicity groups;
• marked containers with such waste are not subject to burial or opening at the place of destruction (disposal).

Engineering tasks

• An infallible approach to the formation of a design solution is the key to the safe operation of incinerator equipment for the life and health of the operator's employees, in order to maintain an acceptable level of anthropogenic load on environmental protection facilities: soil, atmosphere, surface and underground water bodies.
• At the design stage of modern complexes for the preliminary preparation and disposal of waste, the most likely composition of medical waste of class "B" (epidemiologically hazardous), which will be processed by the operator almost blindly, as well as modified contactless systems for automated waste supply to the main combustion chamber, should be taken into account.
• An important task at the stage of equipment design is the high-quality selection of the GO system, which allows for the retention of flue gases in the afterburning chamber for at least 2 seconds, and to capture the sound in the flue gases to concentrations corresponding to the technological parameters of the NDT.

Product results

The technological solution is provided solely due to the correct calculation of equipment performance, taking into account not only the performance of the combustion chamber, but also the performance of the afterburning chamber of flue gases, the volume of which can be several times higher than the volume of incoming waste, taking into account their morphology, calorific value (caloric content).

• Additional feeding equipment has been developed to ensure automated feeding of waste in bags. The waste feed in the package is a pusher feed scheme in a closed rectangular loading unit, the pusher is driven by a hydraulic cylinder;
• Equipment with an enlarged afterburning chamber and lining coating for high-temperature loads has been developed for high temperatures;
• A "semicircular type" chamber cover has been developed to extend the service life and increase the speed of eddy gas flows.

An innovative approach to the selection of GO and reagents capable of ensuring the quality of emissions within the technological parameters for the removal of waste with a high plastic content.